If your refrigerator or freezer has digital controls, it’s highly likely that the unit has a microprocessor temperature controller. This is in contrast to units that house analog controllers.
Microprocessor systems work by converting a temperature reading into an electrical voltage and then into digital format. This temperature is compared to the setpoint temperature and cooling is activated as required. Microprocessor controllers can handle a high sampling rate, process data very quickly, and initiate quick responses when needed. This means they give you tighter temperature control than you would get with an analog system.
If your refrigerator or freezer has a simple knob (for example, a one-to-ten dial), the unit is fitted with an analog temperature controller. These tend to be cheaper than microprocessor controllers, but they don’t provide as certain temperature control.